КӨПОРЛЫ ҚҰМШАҒАЛТҰТҚЫШТАРДЫҢ ГИДРАВЛИКАЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ ТАСЫНДЫЛЫҚ РЕЖИМДЕРІН ЗЕРТТЕУ НӘТИЖЕЛЕРІ ТУРАЛЫ

Abstract

The scientific work describes the study of hydraulic and alluvial modes of new designs of multi-trench sand traps. The above schemes of multi-trench sand traps, due to their compactness, are very convenient in hydraulic engineering construction and operation. But with such an arrangement of trenches in production near the facility, it faces a significant effect of rapid flows, which, in turn, leads to an increase in the amount of fine sediments, worsening their condition. This is explained by the fact that when a stream of water passes over the moat, it separates from the upper parts of the wall layer. In this regard, it is necessary to develop the supply layer between the trenches again, the thickness of which is extremely insignificant in short sections of the channel bottom. This leads to an increase in the indirect friction resistance, as well as to an increase in the value of the vertical pulsation component of the flow velocity. Taking into account the above, in order to improve conditions in the case when there are a very large number of small particles in the sediment, it is necessary to install soothing parts in the water flow between the ditches, ensuring the full development of the near-wall aquifer, and reduce the indirect friction resistance to normal. The study of recommended designs of sand traps is carried out on models in laboratory conditions. The article presents an experimental installation and research methodology for the study of sand traps retaining bottom sediments, an experimental installation and the results of the experiment, as well as studies of hydraulic and alluvial modes of multi-trench sand traps.