АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КУКУРУЗНЫХ ОТХОДОВ И ВОЛЛАСТОНИТА В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ КАРТОНА

Abstract

The scientific work examines the possibility of producing environmentally friendly cardboard from various fractions of corn waste and adding wollastonite (CaSiO₃) to improve the properties of cardboard. Experiments were conducted with various raw material compositions: simple corn leaves, cob leaves, mixed waste of all parts of corn with the addition of CaSiO₃ to improve mechanical properties. The process included delignification with NaOH, washing, grinding, casting and drying. The finished samples were analyzed for their physical and mechanical characteristics, such as gramage, pressure resistance, and bending strength. The optimal properties were shown by the samples of SCK, LKLP-1, LP, which, according to a number of indicators, correspond to the industrial grades of cardboard K-2, KN-2, KS-2 (ST RK 3435-2019). The best pressure resistance was shown by the SCC sample (462.397 kPa), the LP sample was characterized by high bending strength (628 double bends). The sample with CaSiO₃ LKLP-2 had good flexibility, but the humidity level was low (4.1%), which limits its use. The results of the study showed that corn waste can be an alternative source of raw materials for the production of cardboard and that modification of CaSiO₃ cardboard can improve its mechanical properties and smoothness, however, the scientific topic requires further research.