STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HYDROGELS BASED ON ACRYLIC ACIDS

Abstract

It is known that one of the main physical and chemical properties of absorbents is their water-absorbing capacity, which depends on the degree of neutralization of the carboxyl groups of the main monomer and the concentration of the cross-linking agent. In this study, novel crosslinking agents based on divinyl quaternary ammonium salts of dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates (DMAEMA and DEAEMA) with dihalogen compounds (such as 1,2-dibromoethane and 1,3-dichloropropanol) were successfully synthesized and characterized. These salts demonstrated spontaneous polymerization in aqueous and ethanol media at 20-50℃, forming water-soluble products at low conversion levels (8-10%). Further polymerization led to the formation of crosslinked structures. Kinetic studies revealed a first-order reaction with respect to monomer concentration, with the rate significantly increasing as concentration rose from 0.25 to 0.5 mol/L. Furthermore, the detailed technological processes for both crosslinker and hydrogel production were established, including temperature, timing, and purification steps.