OPTIMIZATION OF BIOCHAR PRODUCTION FROM AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE OF THE ZHAMBYL REGION USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR APPLICATION IN PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55956/OHWP5394Keywords:
biochar, agro-industrial waste, response surface methodology (RSM), permeable reactive barriers (PRB), pyrolysis, surface morphologyAbstract
The escalating contamination of water resources by heavy metals and organic pollutants poses a significant environmental challenge, particularly in regions like Zhambyl (Kazakhstan), where water quality varies from moderately to extremely polluted. This study focuses on optimizing biochar production from agro-industrial waste, specifically rice husk, from the Zhambyl region, employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to enhance its applicability in Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) for groundwater remediation. Through the Box-Behnken design, key pyrolysis parameters – temperature, activation time, and the ratio of rice husk to phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) – were systematically varied to maximize biochar yield and adsorption capacity. Statistical analysis using ANOVA validated the quadratic model’s significance (p < 0.05, R² = 0.9662), identifying optimal conditions at approximately 2.2 g H₃PO₄ and 540°C, yielding up to 84% biochar. These findings underscore the potential of optimized biochar as a sustainable, cost-effective material for environmental remediation, particularly in PRB systems.
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